Editor,
In an era where development is often equated with destruction, local communities, especially indigenous populations like those represented by Ebo Mili, are finding their voices amidst an overpowering narrative of progress. The Indian government’s proposal to construct a large dam in the Upper Siang region of Arunachal Pradesh threatens not only the delicate ecosystem of the area but also the cultural heritage and livelihoods of the indigenous peoples. As the pre-feasibility report (PFR) for the Siang Upper Multipurpose Project (SUMP) progresses, it is essential to scrutinize the implications of such projects and the potential deployment of Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) in the future, both of which raise concerns that demand attention, empathy, and, above all, action.
Dams have been heralded as essential for national development, purportedly creating opportunities through hydroelectric power generation, irrigation, and flood control. However, the socio-environmental costs often overshadow these benefits. In regions like Upper Siang, where communities rely on rivers for their way of life, large-scale projects can spell disaster. History has shown that the construction of dams often results in the displacement of local populations, an irreversible loss of biodiversity, and degradation of ecosystems that local communities depend upon.
Ebo Mili emerges as a voice of resistance against these developments that threaten the upper reaches of the Siang River. Representing the indigenous communities, Ebo Mili has steadfastly voiced concerns over the environmental and social ramifications of the proposed dam project and challenges the central government’s unjustifiable claims of progress. This is not merely a local issue; it resonates with a broader struggle for indigenous rights across the country. Dams have often been built with little regard for the needs and rights of indigenous peoples. Ebo Mili symbolizes the fight to ensure that the voices of these marginalized communities are amplified, respected and heard.
The proposed dam in Upper Siang follows a pattern observed in various hydropower projects across India, which heeds little to ecological considerations. The Siang River is not just a water source; it is a lifeline that nourishes the flora and fauna, sustains local agriculture, and provides vital resources to communities. Damming the river would lead to alterations in water flow, destruction of habitats, and a potential loss of species that could disrupt the balance of local ecosystems.
Moreover, the construction of a large dam exacerbates the risks of landslides and erosion, especially in hilly terrains like Arunachal Pradesh. The fragile mountain ecosystems are more susceptible to instability, and the consequences of such upheaval can be catastrophic for both nature and human lives. Questions abound regarding the geological sustainability of such infrastructure in a region prone to earthquakes.
Historically, infrastructural projects in India have led to massive dislocation of local populations. The construction of a large dam in Upper Siang threatens to uproot entire communities, displacing thousands of people without proper resettlement plans or compensation. This kind of displacement often results in a loss of livelihood, cultural disintegration, and social alienation. The indigenous ways of life are intricately linked to the land and water bodies; a dam can obliterate their very existence.
In the case of Ebo Mili and communities like them, the dam’s promise of jobs in construction or operation fails to outweigh the long-term loss of traditional livelihoods that contribute to their identities. They are custodians of the land, and displacement erases generations of cultural heritage, wisdom, and knowledge that cannot be quantified in economic terms.
CAPF have not yet been deployed to the Upper Siang area, the possibility looms large as the government moves forward with plans that may encounter local resistance. The anticipated deployment of CAPF to secure the project raises serious concerns about human rights violations and the suppression of dissent.
The speculative militarization surrounding development projects suggests that the government expects resistance. This approach can create an atmosphere of fear and oppression among local communities, deterring them from voicing their grievances or resisting development they deem harmful. Instead of fostering trust and communication, the presence of armed forces would lead to a confrontational atmosphere-one that undermines the principles of democracy and dialogue.
The development narrative surrounding the Upper Siang dam symbolizes a broader trend that prioritizes big infrastructure over the welfare of communities and environmental sustainability. It is essential to consider alternative development models that focus on renewable energy projects which do not threaten displacement and ecological balance. Solar, wind, and small-scale hydroelectric projects can provide sustainable pathways for development without destroying the integrity of local ecosystems or the livelihoods of indigenous communities.
Community-driven initiatives can further empower local populations to manage their resources better, ensuring that development is inclusive and reflects local needs. These approaches can help to resolve the persistent cycle of displacement and environmental degradation that has marred so many development projects.
Now is the time for solidarity with Ebo Mili and the indigenous peoples of Upper Siang who stand against the detrimental implications of the proposed dam. Their resistance resonates with the broader fight against unjust development practices not only in India but globally. The government must recognize that development without consent, dialogue, and understanding is not development but rather a step towards erasure.
Empathy, respect for indigenous rights, and a commitment to sustainable practices can shape a future where people and ecosystems coexist harmoniously. The case of Upper Siang is emblematic of a struggle that transcends geography; it calls us to advocate for humanity and stewardship over exploitation. As we challenge harmful policies, let us remember that a balanced, equitable future is not only possible but essential for the well-being of our planet.
Kabir